Contraception in Mumbai

How Does Contraception Work?

Different contraception methods work in different ways. Some:

• Stop ovulation (release of egg)
• Thicken cervical mucus to block sperm
• Prevent sperm from meeting the egg
• Stop implantation of fertilised egg

Some methods are temporary and reversible, while others are long-term or permanent. Some work instantly, others take a few days or weeks to become effective.

Types of Contraception Methods

1. Barrier Methods

These physically block sperm from entering the uterus.

• Condoms (male/female) – also protect against STIs
• Diaphragm or cervical cap – less common in India

✅ Easy to use
✅ No hormones
❌ Must use every time

2. Hormonal Methods

These use hormones to stop ovulation or change the womb lining.

• Birth control pills – daily use
• Injections (Depo-Provera) – once every 3 months
• Patches or vaginal rings – not widely used in India

✅Effective if used properly
✅Helps with painful periods or PCOS
❌May cause weight gain, mood changes, spotting

3. Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)

Small devices placed inside the uterus by a doctor.

• Copper IUD (Cu-T) – lasts 5–10 years, hormone-free
• Hormonal IUD (Mirena) – lasts 3–5 years, reduces bleeding 

✅Long-lasting and reversible
✅Low maintenance
❌Can cause cramps, spotting, expulsion in rare cases

4. Emergency Contraception

Used after unprotected sex to prevent pregnancy.

• Morning-after pill (iPill) – within 72 hours
• Copper IUD – within 5 days (more effective)

✅Useful in emergencies
❌Not for regular use – may cause hormonal imbalance

5. Permanent Methods (Sterilisation)

Used by women or men who don’t want more children.

• Tubal ligation (for women)
• Vasectomy (for men)

✅ 99% effective
✅ One-time procedure
❌ Not reversible – think carefully before choosing

6. Natural Methods

Based on tracking your menstrual cycle.

• Fertility awareness (safe days method)
• Withdrawal method

✅No medicine or devices
❌High failure rate – risky if not done properly

Who Can Use Contraception?

Almost every woman can use contraception. The best method for you depends on:

• Your age and health
• Whether you want children in the future
• Whether you want short-term or long-term protection
• Your comfort with daily use or one-time methods
• Whether you need protection from STIs

Important: Some methods like birth control pills may not be suitable for women with certain medical conditions (like uncontrolled diabetes, liver issues, or history of clots). That’s why it’s best to talk to a gynaecologist before choosing.

What to Expect During a Contraceptive Consultation?

When you visit a doctor for birth control advice:

• They will ask about your periods, health, and family plans
• They may do a simple check-up or suggest a few tests (if needed)
• You’ll get detailed guidance on pros, cons, usage, and side effects
• You can ask anything – it’s a safe and judgment-free space

Our team helps you make the best choice without pressure or bias

• Headaches or mood swings (from hormonal pills)
• Irregular bleeding or spotting
• Breast tenderness
• Weight changes
• Cramps (from IUD insertion)

These side effects usually settle in a few weeks. If they don’t, your doctor will help you switch to another method.

Important Questions to Ask Your Doctor

1. 1. What birth control method is safest for me?
   2. Will it affect my periods or cause side effects?
   3. When can I start using it?
   4. How soon can I get pregnant after stopping?
   5. What if I miss a pill or have side effects?
   6. How often do I need follow-ups?
   7. Can I switch methods later if I want?
   8. Will it protect me from infections?